Tomatoes in the Urals can be grown exclusively in greenhouses. In the local climate, the culture cannot fully grow in the garden. However, the cultivation of tomatoes in greenhouses is associated with a number of nuances. About varieties and rules of plant care suitable for the Urals, read further in the article.
Varieties of tomatoes for planting in the Urals in a greenhouse
Far from all tomato varieties are suitable for planting tomatoes in the Ural region. Among the most suitable are the varieties Pink Honey, Caspar F11, Bull Heart, F1 Tornado, Eagle Heart and Goldfish.
Did you know? Wild tomatoes in vivo still grow in Latin America.
Pink honey
Pink honey is a determinant. Bushes grow up to 1.5 m. Tomatoes are heart-shaped. The fruit size is large, the weight of one specimen ranges from 300–700 g. Productivity from 1 m² is 3.2–3.7 kg. The peel of the fruit is raspberry-colored, the flesh is fleshy, with a sweet taste. Keeping quality is bad. Also, the crop is not suitable for conservation. Tomatoes Pink honey is usually consumed fresh.
Caspar F1
Hybrid Caspar F1 bred specifically for cultivation in greenhouse conditions. The fruits ripen small, with an average weight of 100 g. The shape of the tomatoes is elongated. A ripe vegetable is distinguished by a red-orange peel. The pulp is dense, sweet and sour. From one square meter of plantations, vegetable growers take an average of 8 kg of fruit. The use of tomatoes is universal.
Bull heart
Variety - determinant, bushes grow up to 2 m. Tomatoes ripen large, heart-shaped. The mass of one tomato is up to 500 g. The peel is bright red, easily removed from the pulp.
In greenhouse conditions, gardeners collect, on average, 10 kg of crop from one bush. The main disadvantage of the variety is its low resistance to diseases, in particular, to late blight.
Tornado F1
The hybrid is distinguished by a standard bush. The plant grows up to 2 m in height. Fruits are red, flat-round in shape. The weight of one tomato is 110-130 g. The taste of the pulp is a pronounced tomato, with a characteristic aroma. Up to 7 kg of tomatoes ripen on one plant.
Eagle heart
The variety is distinguished by bushes up to 1.5 m high with a strong, highly leafy stem. Fruits are round-hearted, large.
The weight of one vegetable reaches 1 kg. The peel is red. The flesh is granular in structure. The taste is slightly acidic. 11-12 kg of crop ripens per 1 m² of plantings.
Gold fish
Bushes of tomatoes Goldfish - indeterminate, grow 2 m and above. The variety is distinguished by a bright orange color of elongated fruits.
The weight of one tomato is about 100 g. The peel and pulp are dense. Gardeners remove, on average, 9 kg of fruit from 1 m² of bushes.
Did you know? The 3.8 kg record-breaking tomato was raised by Dan McCoy, an American vegetable grower, in 2014.
Dates and rules for planting tomatoes for seedlings in the Urals
The average growing season for tomato seedlings in the Urals is 3.5 months. So that before planting seedlings have time to grow stronger, the seeds are sown in early March. Before sowing, the seeds are subjected to a three-stage treatment.
- Germination test. Planting stock is soaked in 5% saline. Seeds that have not sunk to the bottom are empty - they can be thrown away.
- Disinfection. Grains are soaked for 20 minutes in a 1% solution of potassium permanganate. After treatment, the seed is dried naturally.
- Hardening. Seeds are soaked for 48 hours in room temperature water. After the specified time, the material is transferred to water with a temperature of not more than + 5 ° C. Soaked grains are placed in a freezer with a temperature of about –3 ° C for 3-4 hours.
Disinfection of tomato seeds before sowing is a very important procedure! Dry tomato grains are undesirable to sow - there is a great danger that they will not germinate. After pre-treatment, you can start sowing. For the procedure, it is necessary to prepare disposable cups, a substrate for tomatoes from a specialized store and a spray bottle with water.Sowing is carried out as follows:
- Fill the cups with soil.
- Make a recess up to 1 cm in the center of the tanks.
- Place the seeds in 2-3 pieces in a cup.
- Spray crops from the spray gun.
Important! At a temperature of + 25 ° C, tomato seedlings are stretched and thinned. To avoid this or correct the situation, lower the room temperature to the above values.
Crops must be kept in a brightly lit place, at +12 ... + 16 ° С. After 2-3 days, when the first sprouts appear, increase the temperature to +20 ... + 22 ° C. Daily spray the substrate from the spray gun.
When to Dive Tomatoes
Tomatoes dive into larger pots when there are 2-3 true leaves on the seedling. A strong stalk and dark green tops with a slightly lighter shade at the edges of the leaf plates also indicate that the time for picking has come.
Rules for the care of tomato seedlings after a dive
After a dive, seedlings continue to be looked after as before. Plantings must be watered daily so that the soil is always slightly moist. Daylight hours for seedlings should last 14-16 hours.
A week before planting, the bushes begin to temper. For this, containers with seedlings are taken out to fresh air daily. On the first day, the time spent by seedlings on the street should last no more than 1 hour. Every day, the period is increased by 1-1.5 hours.
When is the best time to plant tomato seedlings in a greenhouse in the Urals
The best time for planting seedlings in an unheated greenhouse is May. In the absence of additional heating, it is advisable to cover the plants with a film. In heated greenhouses this agricultural technique is not carried out.
Planting tomato seedlings in a polycarbonate greenhouse in the Urals
Before planting, seedlings are pre-planned in the greenhouse ridges at a distance of 0.6 m from each other.
Landing is as follows:
- Dig holes in the ridges, maintaining a distance of 40 cm between them.
- Moisturize (abundantly) the seedlings in the container.
- Carefully remove the seedling along with an earthen lump.
- Move the bush to the hole.
- Fill the remaining space with soil.
- Irrigate the plant.
Important! Ural agronomists do not recommend making long distances between bushes and rows when planting. In the climatic conditions of the region, thickened stands develop better.
How to get a good tomato crop in a greenhouse
In order to get a good crop, it is necessary to follow the cultivation cultivation agricultural technique.
The rules of care will differ, however, in all cases there are mandatory measures for the care of the bushes, namely:
- watering;
- top dressing;
- loosening the soil;
- mulching;
- preventive treatments against pests and diseases;
- stepchildren;
- tying on trellises.
Before planting, they study the requirements of the selected variety for care and act strictly according to the requirements.When to harvest tomatoes in the Urals
Harvested depending on the maturity of a particular variety. With greenhouse cultivation in the Urals, on average, tomatoes begin to ripen in August.
Growing tomatoes in greenhouses in the Urals is quite possible if you correctly approach the choice of variety. With proper agricultural technology, the gardener will receive a rich and high-quality harvest from ripe and tasty fruits.
